The Chauri Chaura Incident took place on 4 February 1922 at Chauri Chaura in the Gorakhpur district of United Provinces (now Uttar Pradesh) in British India. The police there fired upon a large group of protesters participating in the non-cooperation movement. In retaliation, the demonstrators attacked and set fire to a police station, killing all of its occupants. The incident led to the deaths of three civilians and 22 policemen.
Appalled at the outrage, Mahatma Gandhi went on a five-day fast as penance for what he perceived as his culpability in the bloodshed.‏⁴ In reflection, Gandhi felt that he had acted too hastily in encouraging people to revolt against the British colonial government without sufficiently emphasizing the importance of ahimsa (non-violence) and without adequately training the people to exercise restraint in the face of attack.‏⁶ He decided that the Indian people were not ready and needed preperation to do what was needed to achieve independence.
Chauri Chaura incident [Wikipedia]