http://www.greenleft.org.au/back/2005/649/649p20.htm

Since the end of the 1980s, Vietnam introduced greater market mechanisms into its centrally planned economy and increased trade on the capitalist world market. Since the early 1990s, Vietnam’s imports and exports have been rising at more than 20% a year. “Participation of trade has been critical [for Vietnam], providing producers with access to new markets and new technologies”, the report states.